Vision and Hearing

• Vision
• Wavelength: the distance from the peak of one light wave to the peak of the nest. The distance determines the hue(color) of the light we perceive.
• Intensity: the amount of energy in a light wave. Determined by the height of the wave. The higher the wave the more intense the light is.

• Parallel processing: the processing of several aspects of a problem simultaneously.
• Two Major Color Theory
• Young-Helmholtz Trichromatic(three color) Theory: realized that any color can be created by combining the light waves of three primary color.
  Rods facilitate black and white vision.
  Cones facilitate color vision.
• Opponent-Process Theory: we cannot see certain colors together in combination (red-green, blue-yellow, and white-black). These are antagonist/opponent colors.
• Hearing
• Frequency: the number of complete wavelengths that pass through point of a given time. This determines the pitch of a sound.
• Amplitude: how loud the sound is. The higher the crest of the wave is the louder the sound is. Measured in decibels.
  
• Helmholtz's Place Theory: we hear different pitches because different sound waves trigger activity at different places along the cochlea's basilar membrane.
• Frequency Theory: we sense pitch by the basilar membrane vibrating at the same rate as the sound.
• Hearing Loss
• Conduction Hearing Loss: caused by damage to mechanical system of ear.
• Sensorineural Hearing Loss: caused by damage to cochlea's receptor cells or to auditory nerves.